Melanie Reizes Klein
[Melanie Reizes Klein]
- Early years
- Youngest of 4 children
- Believed that her birth was unplanned
- Rejected
- Distant to her father, who favored his oldest daughter Emelie
- Klein grew up in a family that was neither pro-religious nor anti-religious
- Klein noticed that her parents worked at jobs that they did not enjoy
- Father : Physician who struggled to make a living in medicine and
eventually was relegated to working as a dental assistant
- Mother : Ran a shop selling plants and reptiles
- Melanie still aspired to become a physician
"Klein's early relationships were either unhealthy or ended in tragedy"
- Felt neglected by the father : who she felt as cold or distant
- Loved and idolized her mother : but felt suffocated by her
- Sidonic : 4 years older sister - died when Melanie was 4 years old
- Emmanuel : Melanie's only brother and 5 years older
- Idolized him - May have affected her relationship with men in the future
- Tutored Melanie and helped her pass the entrance examinations in prep school
- Young Adulthood
- Klein was 18 when her father died
- Emmanuel died two years later
- Married Arthur Klein at age 21 (She didn't want to marry)
- Believed that her marriage prevented her from becoming a physician
- Regretted that she had not reached that goal
- Dreaded Sex and abhorred pregnancy
- Produced 3 children : Melitta (1904), Hans (1907), and Erich (1914)
- Budapest
- Met Sandor Ferenczi
- Klein's mother died in 1914
- Entered analysis with Ferenczi
- Trained her son according to Freudian principles
- Attempted to psycho-analyze Melitta and Hans but both went to other analysts
- Melitta, in particulary, was analyzed by Karen Horney (voluntary)
- Klein, in return, analyzed Horney's two youngest daughters
(Compelled for preventive measure)
- Klein separated from her husband in 1919
- Established a psychoanalytic practice in Berlin
- Made her first contribution to the psychoanalytic literature
with a paper dealing with her analysis of Erich
- Ended her relationship with Ferenczi and began analysis with Karl Abraham
- After 14 mouths, Abaraham died
- Began self-analysis
- 1934 : Hans was killed in a fall
- Melitta maintained that her brother had committed suicide and blamed Klein for his death
- Melitta began analysis with Edward Glover
- Unlike Freud's case study method (Little Hans, when he only saw once),
Klein psychoanalyzed children directly
- Children internalized both positive and negative feelings toward their mother and
that they develop a super-eg much earlier than Freud had believed
- Methods were criticized in Berlin
- Ernest John : invited her to go to London to analyze his children and
to deliver a series of lectures on child analysis
- Wrote her first book : "The psycho-Analysis of children"
- Regarded self as Freudian
[Anna Freud and Melanie Klein]
- Often argued about being more 'Freudian' than the other
- The British psychoanalytical society split into 3 separate training division
1) Kleinian
2) Anna Freudian
3) Independent
- Melanie Reizes Klein died on September 22, 1960 in England
[Melitta Klein - Schmidebergy]
- Oldest of 3 children
- Parents separated when she was 15
- Joined the British psychoanalytical society after receiving her medical degree
- Edward Glover encouraged Melitta's independence
- Married Walter Schmidebergy, an analyst who strongly opposed Melanie Klein and supported Anna Freud
- Melitta felt her mother saw her as an appendage, not a colleague
- Demanded that she should be treated as an equal : Theory of Melitta is very motherly
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